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KMID : 0615219900150010223
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Journal of Kwangju Health
1990 Volume.15 No. 1 p.223 ~ p.253
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A Study on the Housing Problem of Korea
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한영현/Hang YH
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Abstract
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The rapid capital accumulation of monopolistic capital centering around the great cities caused the gravitation of the population towards cities, in the results, the serious housing problem occurred in the korean cities after 1960´s The government made an endeavor to slove this housing problem steadily, but the housing problem was not solved. Therefore, the large-scale housing construction project, the new city development project, the composite land tax system and the public land ownership system were recently announced as solutions to the housing problem by the government.
The purpost of this work is to clarify the character and the actual conditions of the housing problem showed in korea and to examine the housing administration of the government critically and to propose some ideas about the way of housing policy. To the purpose, the existing studies and statistical materials about the housing problem were critically reviewed and reanalyzed. As a result of it. the following conclusions were drawn.
First, the housing has a dual character in view of the fact that it is both a main part of labor reproduction which is a precondition of the capitalism mode of production and a kind of consumption goods.
Second, the housing problem is caused by the structural contracictions occurred with the progress of the capitalism, And the root cause of it is a capitalistic land and real property system. Third, the housing shortage in korea was caused by the gravitation of the population towards cities, the sudden rise in housing and land price occurred by the monopolistic land ownership, the increase of large housing, the housing ownership as a means of property increase, the housing policy based on the market mechanism and the insufficiency of public location housing system.
Forth, before the sixth republic, the housing policy of the government consisted of the housing financial system and the public and private housing supply profect. The housing policy, however, was based on the market mechanism. For that reason, dual structure occurred in the housing market.
Fifth, the housing policy of the sixth republic has a diverse and inclusive character and it is composed of the large-scale public location housing construction project, the public land ownership system, the composite land tax system, the limitation of housing land ownership system and the redemption of development benefit system. The housing policy, however, can be changed by the power structure of social groups.
Finally, to solve the housing problem, the housing policy must not be based of the market mechanism but brings structural change of economy.
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